{"product_id":"lithium-niobate-linbo-crystals-and-wafers","title":"Lithium Niobate (LiNbO₃) Crystals and Wafers","description":"\u003ch2\u003eIntroduction\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003cstrong\u003eLithium Niobate (LiNbO₃, LN)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a versatile ferroelectric\n  crystal known for its excellent \u003cstrong\u003eelectro-optic, nonlinear optical,\n  and piezoelectric properties\u003c\/strong\u003e. This unique combination makes lithium\n  niobate an important functional material for photonics, telecommunications,\n  sensing, and advanced optical systems.\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\n  LN crystals are widely used in optical modulators, waveguides,\n  frequency-conversion devices, surface acoustic wave (SAW) components,\n  piezoelectric sensors, and other linear and nonlinear optical applications.\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eApplications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\n  Lithium niobate is widely used in both optical and electronic applications,\n  including:\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n    \u003cstrong\u003eOptical Modulators \u0026amp; Q-Switches\u003c\/strong\u003e – Utilize the strong\n    electro-optic effect of LiNbO₃ for high-speed optical modulation and laser\n    control.\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n    \u003cstrong\u003eNonlinear Optics\u003c\/strong\u003e – Used for second-harmonic generation\n    (SHG), difference-frequency generation (DFG), optical parametric oscillation\n    (OPO), and other wavelength-conversion applications.\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n    \u003cstrong\u003eOptical Waveguides \u0026amp; Photonics\u003c\/strong\u003e – Suitable for integrated\n    photonic devices, optical communication systems, and waveguide applications.\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n    \u003cstrong\u003eSAW Devices\u003c\/strong\u003e – Widely used as a piezoelectric substrate for\n    surface acoustic wave filters, resonators, and duplexers in telecommunications.\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n    \u003cstrong\u003ePiezoelectric Sensors \u0026amp; Transducers\u003c\/strong\u003e – Applied in\n    ultrasonic transducers, sensing devices, and acoustic applications.\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n    \u003cstrong\u003eTelecommunication Components\u003c\/strong\u003e – Used in RF filtering and\n    optical communication systems requiring high-performance signal processing.\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\n  With its combination of optical, electro-optic, nonlinear, and piezoelectric\n  performance, \u003cstrong\u003eLiNbO₃ remains one of the most important materials for\n  modern photonics and telecommunications technologies.\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003ctable\u003e\n  \u003ctbody\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterial\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eOptical Grade LiNbO₃ Wafers (White or Black)\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurie Temperature\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e1142 ± 2.0 °C\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal Orientation \/ Cut\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eX-cut \/ Y-cut \/ Z-cut \/ Custom\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiameter \/ Size\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e2\" \/ 3\" \/ 4\"\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiameter Tolerance\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt; ±0.20 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThickness\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e0.18–0.50 mm or custom\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Flat\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e16 mm \/ 22 mm \/ 32 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTTV\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt; 3 µm\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBow\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e-30 µm to +30 µm\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarp\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt; 40 µm\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation Flat\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eAvailable upon request\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Finish\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eSingle-Side Polished (SSP) \/ Double-Side Polished (DSP)\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePolished Surface Roughness (Ra)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt; 0.5 nm\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScratch \/ Dig\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e20\/10\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdge Criteria\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eR = 0.2 mm or bullnose\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Dopants\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eFe \/ Zn \/ MgO and other dopants for optical-grade LN wafers\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRefractive Index\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003en\u003csub\u003eo\u003c\/sub\u003e = 2.2878, n\u003csub\u003ee\u003c\/sub\u003e = 2.2033 @ 632 nm\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContamination\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParticles \u0026gt; 0.3 µm\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e≤ 30\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScratches \/ Chipping\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n    \u003ctr\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Defects\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003ctd\u003eNo edge cracks, scratches, saw marks, or stains\u003c\/td\u003e\n    \u003c\/tr\u003e\n  \u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"AMO Scientific","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42661597610066,"sku":"AMO-LNO0001","price":100.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0596\/3644\/9362\/files\/LithiumNiobateLiNbO3crystalandwafer.png?v=1788315195","url":"https:\/\/www.amoscientific.com\/products\/lithium-niobate-linbo-crystals-and-wafers","provider":"AMO Scientific","version":"1.0","type":"link"}